See cloch in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stony, rocky",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "stony, rocky",
"word": "clochach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stones; covers with stones",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"translation": "stones; covers with stones",
"word": "clochaid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stony, unyielding",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "stony, unyielding",
"word": "clochamail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "paved road or causeway",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"translation": "paved road or causeway",
"word": "clochán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stony place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"translation": "stony place",
"word": "clochar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "made of stone, stony",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "made of stone, stony",
"word": "clochda"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "cloch"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "clagh"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "clach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*klukā",
"4": "",
"5": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *klukā (“stone”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *klukā (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Feminine ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloiche",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clochaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "clochaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "chloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "cloch f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cloch f",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cloich"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cloich+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "clocha+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cloich+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "clochaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "clochaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cloich+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cloch+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cloch+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cloiche+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cloich+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "clocha+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cloch+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cloich+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "clocha+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cloch+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stone, rock"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-McMaRgtK",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 47 10 10 24",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Materials",
"orig": "sga:Materials",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stone (as material)"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-tS0Orv~h",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"precious stone, gem"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-Kw5Z9pAT",
"links": [
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"gem",
"gem"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "sga:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 11 42 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bead (in a rosary)"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-i3luAciH",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"bead",
"bead"
],
[
"rosary",
"rosary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) bead (in a rosary)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"something built of stone, castle, fortress, stronghold"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-i-DxzvMr",
"links": [
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklox/"
}
],
"word": "cloch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Materials"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "stony, rocky",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "stony, rocky",
"word": "clochach"
},
{
"english": "stones; covers with stones",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"translation": "stones; covers with stones",
"word": "clochaid"
},
{
"english": "stony, unyielding",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "stony, unyielding",
"word": "clochamail"
},
{
"english": "paved road or causeway",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"translation": "paved road or causeway",
"word": "clochán"
},
{
"english": "stony place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"translation": "stony place",
"word": "clochar"
},
{
"english": "made of stone, stony",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"translation": "made of stone, stony",
"word": "clochda"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"word": "cloch"
},
{
"lang": "Manx",
"lang_code": "gv",
"word": "clagh"
},
{
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"word": "clach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*klukā",
"4": "",
"5": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *klukā (“stone”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *klukā (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Feminine ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloiche",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clochaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "clochaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "chloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"lenition",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"var": ""
},
"expansion": "cloch f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cloch f",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cloich"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cloich+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "clocha+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cloich+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "clochaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "clochaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cloich+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cloch+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cloch+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cloiche+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cloich+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "clocha+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cloch+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cloich+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "clocha+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cloch+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stone, rock"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stone (as material)"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"precious stone, gem"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"gem",
"gem"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"sga:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"bead (in a rosary)"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"bead",
"bead"
],
[
"rosary",
"rosary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) bead (in a rosary)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"something built of stone, castle, fortress, stronghold"
],
"head_nr": 1,
"links": [
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈklox/"
}
],
"word": "cloch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cloch meaning in Old Irish (5.5kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1713/20221215",
"msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, cloch/Old Irish",
"path": [
"cloch"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cloch",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"cloch"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cloch",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.