See cloch in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stony, rocky",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "clochach"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stones; covers with stones",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "clochaid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stony, unyielding",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "clochamail"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "paved road or causeway",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clochán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stony place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clochar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "made of stone, stony",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "clochda"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cloch"
},
"expansion": "Irish: cloch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: cloch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "clagh"
},
"expansion": "Manx: clagh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: clagh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "clach"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: clach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: clach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*klukā",
"4": "",
"5": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *klukā (“stone”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *klukā (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloiche",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clochaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "clochaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cloch f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cloch f",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cloich"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cloich+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "clocha+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cloich+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "clochaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "clochaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cloich+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cloch+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cloch+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cloiche+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cloich+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "clocha+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cloch+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cloich+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "clocha+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cloch+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stone, rock"
],
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-McMaRgtK",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 47 10 10 24",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Materials",
"orig": "sga:Materials",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stone (as material)"
],
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-tS0Orv~h",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"precious stone, gem"
],
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-Kw5Z9pAT",
"links": [
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"gem",
"gem"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "sga",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "sga:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 17 37 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bead (in a rosary)"
],
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-i3luAciH",
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"bead",
"bead"
],
[
"rosary",
"rosary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) bead (in a rosary)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"something built of stone, castle, fortress, stronghold"
],
"id": "en-cloch-sga-noun-i-DxzvMr",
"links": [
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klox/"
}
],
"word": "cloch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Irish feminine nouns",
"Old Irish lemmas",
"Old Irish nouns",
"Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Old Irish ā-stem nouns",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"sga:Materials"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "stony, rocky",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "clochach"
},
{
"english": "stones; covers with stones",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "clochaid"
},
{
"english": "stony, unyielding",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "clochamail"
},
{
"english": "paved road or causeway",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clochán"
},
{
"english": "stony place",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clochar"
},
{
"english": "made of stone, stony",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "clochda"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "cloch"
},
"expansion": "Irish: cloch",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: cloch"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gv",
"2": "clagh"
},
"expansion": "Manx: clagh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manx: clagh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "clach"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: clach",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: clach"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*klukā",
"4": "",
"5": "stone"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *klukā (“stone”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Celtic *klukā (“stone”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-decl-a-fem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "clocha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloiche",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cloich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "clochaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "clochaib",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chloch",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{pl2}}}",
"17": "",
"18": "{{{pl3}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"altform": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "cloch f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cloch f",
"name": "sga-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cloich"
},
"name": "sga-decl-a-fem"
},
{
"args": {
"acc_du": "cloich+L",
"acc_du2": "",
"acc_du3": "",
"acc_pl": "clocha+H",
"acc_pl2": "",
"acc_pl3": "",
"acc_sg": "cloich+N",
"acc_sg2": "",
"acc_sg3": "",
"class": "ā-f",
"dat_du": "clochaib",
"dat_du2": "",
"dat_du3": "",
"dat_pl": "clochaib",
"dat_pl2": "",
"dat_pl3": "",
"dat_sg": "cloich+L",
"dat_sg2": "",
"dat_sg3": "",
"gen_du": "cloch+L",
"gen_du2": "",
"gen_du3": "",
"gen_pl": "cloch+N",
"gen_pl2": "",
"gen_pl3": "",
"gen_sg": "cloiche+H",
"gen_sg2": "",
"gen_sg3": "",
"n": "",
"nom_du": "cloich+L",
"nom_du2": "",
"nom_du3": "",
"nom_pl": "clocha+H",
"nom_pl2": "",
"nom_pl3": "",
"nom_sg": "cloch+L",
"nom_sg2": "",
"nom_sg3": "",
"voc_du": "cloich+L",
"voc_du2": "",
"voc_du3": "",
"voc_pl": "clocha+H",
"voc_pl2": "",
"voc_pl3": "",
"voc_sg": "cloch+L",
"voc_sg2": "",
"voc_sg3": ""
},
"name": "sga-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {},
"name": "sga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Old Irish",
"lang_code": "sga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"stone, rock"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stone (as material)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"precious stone, gem"
],
"links": [
[
"precious stone",
"precious stone"
],
[
"gem",
"gem"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"sga:Christianity"
],
"glosses": [
"bead (in a rosary)"
],
"links": [
[
"Christianity",
"Christianity"
],
[
"bead",
"bead"
],
[
"rosary",
"rosary"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Christianity) bead (in a rosary)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"Christianity"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"something built of stone, castle, fortress, stronghold"
],
"links": [
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"fortress",
"fortress"
],
[
"stronghold",
"stronghold"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klox/"
}
],
"word": "cloch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cloch meaning in Old Irish (5.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cloch/Old Irish 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cloch"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cloch",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'lenition'",
"path": [
"cloch"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cloch",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nasalization'",
"path": [
"cloch"
],
"section": "Old Irish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cloch",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (99a4ed9 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.